Two additional phenotypes include isolated retinal artery tortuosity and nonsyndromic autosomal dominant congenital cataract.What’s the connection between migraine with aura and birth control? HANAC (hereditary angiopathy with nephropathy, aneurysms, and muscle cramps) syndrome usually associates asymptomatic small-vessel brain disease, cerebral large vessel involvement (i.e., aneurysms), and systemic findings involving the kidney, muscle, and small vessels of the eye. Porencephaly (fluid-filled cavities in the brain detected by CT or MRI) is typically manifest as infantile hemiparesis, seizures, and intellectual disability however, on occasion it can be an incidental finding. Clinically, small-vessel brain disease manifests as infantile hemiparesis, seizures, single or recurrent hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke, and isolated migraine with aura. On imaging studies, small-vessel brain disease is manifest as diffuse periventricular leukoencephalopathy, lacunar infarcts, microhemorrhage, dilated perivascular spaces, and deep intracerebral hemorrhages. The spectrum of COL4A1-related disorders includes: small-vessel brain disease of varying severity including porencephaly, variably associated with eye defects (retinal arterial tortuosity, Axenfeld-Rieger anomaly, cataract) and systemic findings (kidney involvement, muscle cramps, cerebral aneurysms, Raynaud phenomenon, cardiac arrhythmia, and hemolytic anemia). Additionally, cyclic vomiting syndrome is a migraine disorder usually found in children that causes episodes of nausea and vomiting in addition to headaches. For example, familial hemiplegic migraine and sporadic hemiplegic migraine are characterized by migraine with associated temporary weakness that affects one side of the body (hemiparesis). Affected individuals may also have brief episodes of head pain when moving their head.\n\nPeople with migraine, particularly women who have migraine with aura, have an increased risk of a type of stroke that is caused by a lack of blood flow to the brain (ischemic stroke), but this is a rare occurrence.\n\nThere are many migraine disorders that usually include additional signs and symptoms. In this phase, the headache pain is gone but individuals can experience fatigue, drowsiness, decreased energy, concentration problems, irritability, nausea, or sensitivity to light. Some have changes in their vision or sensitivity to odors and touch.\n\nThe postdromal phase usually lasts a few hours but can linger for more than a day. Affected individuals tend to experience nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and sensitivity to light and sound in addition to headache. In some cases, an aura can occur without a subsequent migraine.\n\nIn the headache phase, the pain may last from a few hours to a few days. An aura usually starts within one hour of the start of a migraine. During an aura, affected individuals might experience abnormal sensations including tingling or numbness, usually of the hands or mouth. Additional features of aura can include numbness, difficulty with speech and language, episodes of extreme dizziness (vertigo), and double vision. Auras commonly include temporary visual changes such as blind spots (scotomas), flashing lights, and zig-zagging lines of color. An aura typically develops gradually over a few minutes and lasts between 5 and 60 minutes. About one-third of people with migraine experience a temporary pattern of neurological symptoms called an aura. A wide variety of additional signs and symptoms can occur including excessive yawning, food cravings, irritability, depression, sensitivity to light, and nausea. In this phase, affected individuals can experience extreme tiredness (fatigue), concentration problems, and muscle stiffness in the neck. Migraines typically first start during a person's teens to early twenties, but they can begin anytime from early childhood to late-adulthood.\n\nA migraine usually has three stages: the period leading up to the headache (known as the premonitory or prodromal phase), the migraine itself (the headache phase), and the period following the headache (known as the postdromal phase).\n\nThe premonitory phase can start from several hours up to several days before the headache appears. A person is considered to have chronic migraines if they experience 15 or more headache days a month with eight of those days involving migraine headaches. People can experience migraines once a year to multiple times a week. A migraine is a type of headache that typically causes intense, throbbing pain usually in one area of the head.
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